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Basic of microwave engineering

0·1 MICROWAVE FREQUENCIES
 

       The term microwave frequencies is generally used for those wavelengths measured in
centimeters, roughly from 30 cm to 1 mm (1 to 300 GHz). However, microwave really
indicates the wavelengths in the micron ranges. This means microwave frequencies
are up to infrared and visible-light regions. In this revision, microwave frequencies
refer to those from 1 GHz up to 106 GHz. The microwave band designation that
derived from World War II radar security considerations has never been officially
sanctioned by any industrial, professional, or government organization. In August
1969 the United States Department of Defense, Office of Joint Chiefs of Staff, by
message to all services, directed the use of a new frequency band breakdown as
shown in Table 0-1. On May 24, 1970, the Department of Defense adopted another
band designation for microwave frequencies as listed in Table 0-2. The Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) recommended new microwave band
designations as shown in Table 0-3 for comparison.

                                             TABLE 0·1 U.S. MILITARY MICROWAVE BANDS
                     Designation                                                    Frequency range in gigahertz
                      P band                                                                          0.225- 0.390
                      L band                                                                          0.390- 1.550
                      S band                                                                           1.550- 3.900
                      C band                                                                           3.900- 6.200
                      X band                                                                          6.200- 10.900
                      K band                                                                          10.900- 36.000
                      Q band                                                                           36.000- 46.000
                      V band                                                                           46.000- 56.000
                      W band                                                                          56.000-100.000

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