different types of addresses used in the TCP/IP protocol

Four levels of addresses are used in the TCP/IP protocol: physical address, logical address, port address, and application-specific address as shown in Figure.

Physical Addresses

The physical address, also known as the link address, is the address of a node as defined by its LAN or WAN.
The size and format of these addresses vary depending on the network. For example, Ethernet uses a 6-byte (48-bit) physical address.
Physical addresses can be either unicast (one single recipient), multicast (a group of recipients), or broadcast (to be received by all systems in the network.
Example: Most local area networks use a 48-bit (6-byte) physical address written as 12 hexadecimal digits; every byte (2 hexadecimal digits) is separated by a colon, as shown below: A 6-byte (12 hexadecimal digits) physical address 07:01:02:01:2C:4B

Logical Addresses

Logical addresses are used by networking software to allow packets to be independent of the physical connection of the network, that is, to work with different network topologies and types of media.
A logical address in the Internet is currently a 32-bit address that can uniquely define a host connected to the Internet. An internet address in IPv4 in decimal numbers 132.24.75.9
No two publicly addressed and visible hosts on the Internet can have the same IP address.
The physical addresses will change from hop to hop, but the logical addresses remain the same.
The logical addresses can be either unicast (one single recipient), multicast (a group of recipients), or broadcast (all systems in the network). There are limitations on broadcast addresses.

Port Addresses

There are many application running on the computer. Each application run with a port no.(logically) on the computer.
A port number is part of the addressing information used to identify the senders and receivers of messages.
Port numbers are most commonly used with TCP/IP connections.
These port numbers allow different applications on the same computer to share network resources simultaneously.
The physical addresses change from hop to hop, but the logical and port addresses usually remain the same.
Example: a port address is a 16-bit address represented by one decimal number 753

Application-Specific Addresses

Some applications have user-friendly addresses that are designed for that specific application.
Examples include the e-mail address (for example, forouzan@fhda.edu) and the Universal Resource Locator (URL) (for example, www.mhhe.com). The first defines the recipient of an e-mail; the second is used to find a document on the World Wide Web.

Comments

Electronic Engineer at Thinture Technologies Pvt. Ltd

Hello Dear Readers, Currently, at Thinture Technologies Pvt. Ltd vacancy for Electronic Engineer role. Thinture Technologies Pvt. Ltd. is a vehicle control systems manufacturer, with a primary focus on road speed limitation and GPS-based tracking systems. All of our products are designed in-house from basic circuit designing to firmware, algorithm to PCB designing, online software platforms to mechanical assembly drawings, and standard operating procedures for aftermarket usage. Role Description: This is a full-time on-site role for an Electronic Engineer located in Bengaluru. The Electronic Engineer will be responsible for the day-to-day tasks associated with electronic engineering, including electronics, electrical engineering, circuit design, testing, and more. Qualifications: Strong electronic engineering skills Sound knowledge of circuit design and electrical engineering Experience with electronics testing and quality assurance Proficient in using software tools for schematic capt

Trainee Hardware Engineer at Confident Electronics Private Limited

Hello Dear Readers, Currently, at Confident Electronics Private Limited Bangalore vacancy for a Trainee Hardware Engineer role. About the job: We are looking for an enthusiastic, passionate, and motivated hardware engineer to join the team. As a Hardware Engineer, you will be responsible for designing and developing hardware components in close collaboration with our software engineers to make sure the final product operates seamlessly. Responsibilities: Designing and building hardware Recommending new hardware designs Performing tests of new hardware and software Troubleshooting and debugging performance issues Working with vendors and hardware suppliers to implement new designs Supporting the hardware engineering team Providing technical support for hardware issues Following industry-standard processes and procedures Collaborating with other engineers Handling the assigned clients Qualifications: Minimum BE/BTech in Electronics and Communication Engineering or related field. Familiar

R&D Intern (Electronics Engineering) at Greaves Electric Mobility

Hello Dear Readers, Currently, at Greaves Electric Mobility vacancy for an R&D Intern (Electronics Engineering) role. At Greaves Electric Mobility, we build products and solutions that are designed to democratize smart and sustainable mobility and do our bit to heal the Planet. Backed by the 164 year engineering legacy of Greaves, our portfolio of electric two and three wheelers are made in India at manufacturing sites across Tamil Nadu, Telangana and Uttar Pradesh. Key Responsibilities: Collaborate with experienced engineers in the research and development of electric mobility technologies. Participate in the design, prototyping, and testing of electronic and electrical systems for electric vehicles. Contribute to the analysis and improvement of automotive electrical systems, ensuring compliance with industry standards. Assist in troubleshooting and problem-solving activities related to electric vehicle components. Stay updated on the latest advancements in the electric mobility s

Search This Blog